Real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) was performed to elucidate the abundance of <i>Aeromonas hydrophila</i> and <i>Pseudomonas fluorescens</i>, which are among the most widespread fish pathogens in ponds. Both pathogens have three different breeding patterns, namely, (a) gibel carp (<i>Carassius auratus gibelio</i>), (b) yellow catfish (<i>Pelteobagrus fulvidraco</i>), and (c) black carp (<i>Mylopharyngodon ...